Relapsing fever (recurrent fever)

General: Acute infectious disease caused by Borrelia transmitted by lice; characterized by recurrent bouts of fever separated by relatively asymptomatic periods; there is an endemic form of rheumatic fever transmitted by tick vectors and spirochetes of the genus Borrelia.

Ocular: Extraocular muscle paralysis; uveitis; interstitial keratitis; hypopyon; conjunctivitis; optic nerve atrophy; subconjunctival and retinal hemorrhages; ptosis; mydriasis; retinal venous occlusion.

Clinical: Toxemia and febrile paroxysms separated by afebrile periods.

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Whitcup SM, Raizman MB. Spirochetal infections and the eye. In: Albert DM, Jakobiec FA, eds. Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology, vol. V. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1994:3078-3092.