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Pneumococcal infections (streptococcus pneumoniae infections)


Pneumococcal Infections (Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infections)

General: Gram-positive diplococcus Streptococcus pneumoniae; some strains are encapsulated while others are not; ocular infections usually are caused by the encapsulated strains; conjunctivitis and corneal scarring produced in an animal model have been attributed to a hemolytic cytolytic exopeptidase.

Ocular: Hypopyon; conjunctivitis; keratitis; corneal ulcer; endophthalmitis; dacryocystitis; uveitis; orbital cellulitis; secondary glaucoma; ophthalmia neonatorum.

Clinical: Upper respiratory infection; chills; sharp pain in hemithorax; cough with sputum production; fever; headache; gastrointestinal symptoms.

Baum JL. Antibiotic use in Ophthalmology. In: Tasman W, Jaeger E, eds. Duanes Clinical Ophthalmology, vol. 4. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1990: 1-26.

Burd EM. Bacterial keratitis and conjunctivitis. In: Smolin G, Thoft RA, eds. The Cornea. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1994.

Finland M. And the walls come tumbling down. More antibiotic resistance, and now the pneumococcus. N Engl J Med 1978; 299:770-771.

Fraunfelder FT, Roy FH. Current Ocular Therapy, 5th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2000.

Johnson MK., Allen JH. The role of cytolysin in pneumococcal ocular infection. Am J Ophthalmol 1975; 80:518.

Jones DB. Early diagnosis and therapy of bacterial corneal ulcers. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1973; 13:1-29.

Okumoto M, Smolin G. Pneumococcal infections of the eye. Am J Ophthalmol 1974; 77:346.




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