Diencephalic Syndrome (Diencephalic Epilepsy Syndrome; Autonomic Epilepsy Syndrome; Penfield Syndrome; Anterior Diencephalic Autonomic Epilepsy Syndrome) 367
General: Occurs in males at ages 6 to 7 years; caused by hypothalamic dysfunction and a localized epileptic stimulus originating in the dorsal nucleus of the thalamus.
Ocular: Proptosis (occasionally); excessive lacrimation; pupillary abnormalities.
Clinical: Abdominal pain; headache; irritability; rapid pulse; elevated blood pressure; salivation; hiccup; chills; dyspnea (Cheyne-Stokes); seizures (possible); sudden onset of vasodilation of the skin (cervical sympathetic).
Geeraets WJ. Ocular Syndromes. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1976.
Pele S, et al. Brain scanning in the diencephalic syndrome. Neuroradiology 1974; 7:109.
Penfield W. Diencephalic autonomic epilepsy. Arch Neurol Psychiatr 1929; 22:358.
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