Cardiorespiratory obesity syndrome (pickwickian syndrome)   199

General: Chronic pulmonary insufficiency caused by extensive obesity.

Ocular: Venous congestion; spontaneous hyphema; chorioretinal venous congestion with retinal hemorrhages and exudates; papilledema; rubeosis iridis (may be bilateral).

Clinical: Pronounced and greatly excessive obesity; headache; dyspnea; drowsiness; cyanosis; heart failure; muscular twitching; disturbed consciousness.

Burwell CS, et al. Extreme obesity associated with alveolar hypoventilation: a pickwickian syndrome. Am J Med 1956; 21:811.

Geeraets WJ. Ocular Syndromes. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1976.

Metzl K, et al. The pickwickian syndrome in a child: an extreme example of psychoneurotic obesity. Clin Pediatr 1969; 8:49.

Schneider TL, et al. Bilateral rubeosis iridis in a 36 year-old male as the presenting sign of obesity-hypoventilation syndrome: implications for angiogenesis[abstract]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. Abs Issue 1993; 34.