African Eye Worm Disease (Loiasis)
General: Caused by filarial nematode Loa loa; transmitted to humans by
diurnally biting flies (deerflies) of the Chrysops species that live in
the rain forests of West and
Ocular: Parasites of anterior chamber, conjunctiva, eyelid, vitreous, and choroid; conjunctivitis; keratitis; optic nerve atrophy; white, cottony mass of vitreous; central retinal artery occlusion; macular hemorrhages; paralysis of extraocular muscles; nystagmus; uveitis.
Clinical: Transient erythematous swelling; pruritus; eosinophilia; fever; urticaria; rarely neurologic involvement.
Fraunfelder FT, Roy FH. Current
Ocular Therapy, 5th ed.
Miller NR, ed. Walsh and Hoyts
Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, vol. 5, part 1, 4th ed.
Osuntokun O, Olurin O. Filarial worm (Loa loa) in the anterior chamber. Report of two cases. Br J Ophthalmol 1975; 59:166-l67.
Sacks HN, et al. Loiasis. Report of a case and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med
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