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Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (pas)


Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome (PAS)

General: Thrombophilic disorder characterized by the presence of autoantibo 929j99j dies and CNS involvement, venous thrombosis, and ocular manifestations.

Ocular: Visual disturbances (visual obscurations, amaurosis fugax, diplopia, homonymous field defects, and scintillating scotoma due to migraine); two forms of retinopathy: cotton-wool spots with or without hemorrhages and vasoocclusive ocular disease.

Clinical: Many patients will experience CNS involvement in the form of either a stroke or a transient ischemic attack; visual disturbances are largely due to CNS rather than ocular ischemia.

Bauer KA. The hypercoagulable state. In: Beutler E, Lichtman MA, Coller BS, et al., eds. Williams' hematology, 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995:1531-l550.



Brenner B, et al. Coexistence of familial antiphospholipid syndrome and factor V Leiden: impact on thrombotic diathesis. Br J Haematol 1996; 94:167.

Dahlback B. Resistance to activated protein C caused by the factor V R 506Q mutation is a common risk factor for venous thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1997; 78:483-488.

Gelfand YA, Dori D. Visual disturbances and pathologic ocular findings in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Ophthalmology 1999; 106:1537-l540.

Glacet-Bernard A, et al. Antiphospholipid antibodies in retinal vascular occlusions: a prospective study of 75 patients. Arch Ophthalmol 1994; 112:790-795.

Zoller B, et al. Resistance to activated protein C as an additional genetic risk factor in hereditary deficiency of protein S. Blood 1995; 85:3518-3523.




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