Caisson Syndrome (Bends Syndrome; Diver's Palsy; Compressed-Air Illness) 131i85b 131i85b 131i85b 131i85b 131i85b 131i85b 131i85b 131i85b 186
General: Under high atmospheric pressure (18 lb/in2 at least) the blood becomes saturated with nitrogen; sudden decompression (e.g., return to normal atmospheric pressure when divers surface too rapidly) causes the nitrogen to bubble out in gas form, with resulting destruction of tissue spaces; symptoms appear usually within 3 hours after decompression.
Ocular: Nystagmus; diplopia; transient blindness; cataract formation with rapidly developing vacuoles and gray opacities; narrowing of the retinal vessels.
Clinical: Severe joint pain; dyspnea with sensation of chest constriction; giddiness; hemiplegia; vertigo; deafness; aphasia; paraplegia; convulsion; pruritus; abdominal pain.
Collier J. Caisson disease. In: Christian HA, ed. Oxford Loose Leaf Medicine, vol. VI. New York: Oxford University Press, 1920-l942:438-446.
Miller NR. Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1987.
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